Comparative Chemical Analysis of the Extractives Constituents in the Bark and Heartwood of Juglans regia L. from North of Iran
Keywords:
Heartwood, Bark, Juglone, Benmary bathAbstract
Exhaustive ethanol-toluene of the bark and heartwood of Juglans regia L. (Juglandaceae) afforded pale red colored extractives 10 and 12% yields, respectively. Detailed chemical evaluation of these extracts using GC/MS revealed the major components in the bark and heartwood extractives to be the 3,7-dioxa-2,8- disilanonane,2,2,8,8-tetramethyl (25.17%), while the major heartwood extractives constituent was benzoic acid, 3,4,5-tri(hydroxyl)/Gallic acid (44.57%). The same components of the bark and the heartwood also contained amounts of the gallic acid, 3,7-dioxa-2,8-disilanonane, 2,2,8,8- tetramethyl, and d-glucose,2,3,4,5,6- pentakis-o-(hydroxyl). The most toxic components in the heartwood were juglone (5.15%) and 2,7-dimethylphenanthrene (5.81%).
Downloads
References
Bhargava, U.C. (1967). Pharmacology of ellagic acid from black walnut. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Missouri, Columbia, 366 p.
Bhargava, U.C. & Westfall, B.A. (1968). Antitumor Activity of Juglans nigra (Black Walnut) Extractives. J. Pharm. Sci., 57(10): 1674–1677. https://doi.org/10.1002/jps.2600571009.
Gupta, S.R., Ravindranath, B. & Seshadri, T.R. (1972). Juglandaceae: Polyphenols of Juglans nigra. Phytochemistry, 11(8): 2634–2636. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)88569-6.
McGranahan, G. & Leslie, C. (1991). Walnut (Juglans L.), In: Moore, J.N. & Ballington, J.R. (Eds.), Genetic Resources of Temperate Fruit and Nut Crops, Vol. 2, International Society for Horticultural Science, Wageningen. pp. 907–951.
Müller, W.-U., & Leistner, E. (1978). Aglycones and glycosides of oxygenated naphthalenes and a glycosyltransferase from Juglans. Phytochemistry, 17(10): 1739–1742. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)88684-7.
Seshadri, T.R. (1973). An investigation of the phenolic constituents of certain woods and barks, including North American species and representatives of genera common to North America and India, (J.W Rowe, USDA PL-480 Proj. FG-In-425 Forest Prod. Lab. Madison Wis.).
Soderquist, C.J. (1973). Juglone and allelopathy. J. Chem. Educ., 50(11): 782–783. https://doi.org/10.1021/ed050p782.
Talapatra, S.K., Karmacharya, B., De, S.C. & Talapatra, B. (1988). (−)-Regiolone, an α-tetralone from Juglans regia: structure, stereochemistry and conformation. Phytochemistry, 27(12): 3929–3932. https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)83047-4.
Westfall, B.A., Russell, R.L. & Auyong, T.K. (1961). Depressant agent from walnut hulls. Science, 134(3490): 1617. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.134.3490.1617.
